119- Description of different continents

Agni said: 

1. The Jambūdvipa extends to a lakh of yojanas. It is surrounded by the Kshiroda (ocean) measuring one lakh yojanas. 

2. The Plaksadvipa is surrounded by the Kshåra ocean. The seven sons of Medhatithi are the rulers of Plakshadvipa. 

3. They are såntabhaya, Siśira, Sukhodaya, Ananda, Siva, Kshema and Dhruva after whom the countries are named. 

4. Gomedha, Chandra, Närada, Dundubhi, Somaka, Sumanā and Vaibhraja are the boundary mountains. The inhabitants are good. 

5. There are seven principal rivers here. The inhabitants from Plakṣa to Saka live for five thousand years and they adhere to righteous way of life adhering to the institutions of caste and stages of life. 

6-7. Aryakas, Kurus, Vivimśas and Bhävins are respectively the brahmins and others (kshatriyas, vaisyas and südras) here. They worship (lord) Soma (moon). Its extent is two lakhs Yojanas 

and it is surrounded by the ocean of ikshurasa of equal measure. The Śålmala (dvipa) is twice that. The seven sons of Vapushmat were the rulers of Śālmala. 

8-12. Sveta, Harita, Jimūta, Lohita, Vaidyuta, Manasa and Suprabha are their names and the countries were known by their names. This twice bigger continent is surrounded by the Suroda (ocean) of equal measure. The seven (boundary mountains) are Kumuda, Anala, Balahaka, Droņa, Kanka, Mahisa and Kakudmat. The brahmins and other (three castes) are Kapila, Aruņa, Pita and Krishņa (respectively). They worship (the lord) in the form of Vayu (wind god). This is surrounded by Suroda. Udbhida, Dhenumat, Dvairatha, Lambana, Dhairya, Kapila and Prabhakara, (the sons) of Jyotishmat were the rulers of Kuša (dvipa). Dadhimukhya¹ and others are the brahmins and others. They worship (the lord) in the form of Brahmā. 

1. These are Daminah, Sushmiņaḥ, Snehāḥ and Mandehál 

13. Vidruma, Hemaśaila, Dyutimat, Pushpavat, Kuśeśaya, Harisaila and Mandara are the boundary mountains. 

14-16. This is surrounded by the Ghrutoda ocean as well as the Kraunçhadvīpa. The sons of Dyutimat were the rulers of Krauncha and the countries (ruled by them) were named after them. They are seven-Kuśala, Manonuga, Ushņa, Pradhana, Andhakāraka, Muni and Dundubhi. (The names of) the seven mountains here are Krauñcha, Vamana, Andhakaraka, Devåvrut, Pundarika and Dundubhi. Each one of them is twice as big as the other, 

17-19. The mountains in the respective continents are also twice as the corresponding one in the others. The brahmins and others (three castes) are Pushkara, Pushkala, Dhanya and Tishya and (they) worship Hari. The Kraunchadvipa is surrounded by Dadhimaņqodaka (ocean) and the Såkadvipa. The sons of Havya and the rulers of Sakadvipa were Jalada, Kumara, Sukumāra, Manivaka, Kuśottara, Modáki and Druma. The countries were known by their names. 

20-21. Udaya, Jaladhara, Raivata, Syama, Kodraka, Ambikeya and the beautiful Kesari are the seven (boundary) mountains. The brahmins and others are Maga, Magadha, Mānasa and Mandaga. They worship (the lord) in the form of the Sun. The Säka dvipa is surrounded by the Kshirābdhi. 

22-24. It is also surrounded by Pushkara (dvipa). (The ruler of Pushkara), Savana had two sons-Mahāvita and Dhataki. They ruled over two countries known by their name. There is one boundary mountain called Mänasa at the centre in theshape of a bracelet. It extends to one thousand yojanas and is of equal height. (The people here) live for ten thousand years. (Lord) Brahma is worshipped here by celestials. This continent is surrounded by the Svādūdaka ocean of equal measure. 

25-26. The waters of the ocean neither decrease nor increase. O Sage! At the moon-rise or moon-set and at the white and dark fortnights, an increase or decrease of waters by five hundred and ten angulas (equal to one finger-breadth) is seen in the oceans. 

27-28. The Svādūdaka is of many good qualities. The land is golden and is devoid of living beings. The peak (called) Lokaloka extends to a lakh of yojanas. It is engulfed in darkness in the form of the pan of the egg-shaped (universe). This land found with this pan of the egg-shaped (universe) extends to fifty crores.