353 - The finished forms of substantives in the neuter

Skanda said:

1. (The forms) in the neuter (are as follows): Kim, Ke, Kåni (the three forms in nominative, meaning what). Kim, Ke, Käni (are the forms in the accusative). Then (the word) Jalam (water). Sarvam (all) (nominative), Sarve (nominative, dual), Pūrva and other (words), Simapari (protecting the boundary) (accusative), Simapāni (accusative, plural).

2. (The words ending in 'i' are as follows): Gråmaņi, Grämaņini, Gråmaņi and Gråmaņini (are the forms in the nominative of Gråmaņi, leader). Väri, Variņi, Väriņi (in the nominative), Variņåm¹ (in the genitive plural) and Väriņi (locative singular) are thus (the forms of Väri, water).

1. Obviously a mistake for Våriņåm.

3. (The word Suchi, pure, has two forms in the dative): Sucaye and Sucine dehi (give). Similarly (the word Mrudu, soft, has two forms in the instrumental): Mrudune and Mrusdave. (The word Trapu, tin has the forms): Trapu (nominative). Trapuņi (locative singular) and Trapūņāṁ (genitive plural). Khalapuni (nominative plural) and Khalapvi (locative singular,

(forms of Khalapū, a sweeper).

4. Kartrå (instrumental), Kartruņe or Kartre (dative) (are the fornis of Kartr, doer). Atiri (nominative) and Atiriņām (genitive plural) (are the forms Atirin, one who goes beyond). Abhini, Abhinini (are nominative forms of the word denoting performance). Suvacämsi (nominative plural) and Suvākshu (locative plural) (are from Suvāk, good speech).

5. (The relative pronoun) Yad, yat (who), and pronoun Ime (that), Tat (that) (belong to neuter). Karmiņi (is the plural of Karma, work). Idam, Ime, Imani (are the forms of Idam, this). Idruk (this kind), Adaḥ, Amuni, Amūni (in the nominative), Amunā (in the instrumental) and Amisu (in the locative plural) (are the forms of Adas, that).

6-9. (The forms of Asmad, I, are): Aham, Avam, Vayam (nominative), Mam, Avam, Asmån (accusative), Maya, Avabhyam, Asmåbhiḥ (instrumental) done. Mahyam and Asmabhyam (dative singular and dual), Mat, Avåbhyam, Asmat (ablative). Mama, Avayoḥ and Asmåkaṁ (genitive) ayam putraḥ (This is my, our son). Asmāsu (locative plural). (The forms of Yushmad, you, are),: Tvaṁ, Yuvam, Yüyam (nominative) ijire (praise). Tvám, Yuvam, Yusman (accuative), Tvaya and Yushmåbhiḥ (instrumentral, singular and plural) are stated (to be the forms). Tubhyam, Yuväbhyam, Yushmabbyam(dative), Tvat, Yuvåbhyan, Yushmat (ablative), Tava, Yuvayoh, Yushmåkam (genitive) and Tvayi, Yushmāsu (locative, singular and plural). These are the characteristics of the language. (The substantives) ending in vowels and consonants have been described.

Summary of chapter 355 of the Agni Purāṇa is as follows:

The six types of Sanskrit compound word (samāsa) are expounded: tatpuruṣa (determinative), karmadhāraya (appositive), bahuvrīhi (possessive), dvandva (coordinative), dvīgu (numeral), and avyayībhāva (adverbial). Each type is illustrated with Purāṇic compound words — names of deities, places, and concepts — analyzed to reveal their internal structure. Twenty-eight subtypes of tatpuruṣa are enumerated, including the negative (nañ), the upamā (simile-based), and various kāraka-based forms. The distinction between nitya-samāsa (compounds that must be used in compound form) and anitya-samāsa (those that may be optionally split) is drawn, as well as luk-samāsa (compounds with elided case endings) versus aluk-samāsa (those with retained endings).