358 - The completed forms of the verbs after adding the conjugational signs etc.

Kumdra said: 

1. Ishall describe the terminations (which are added) to the verbs as well as the substitutes in brief. The verbs occur in three forms such as bhāve impersonal), karmani (passive) and kartari (active). 

2. They are known to be transitive and intransitive in the two padas (Ātmanepada and Parasmaipada) in the Active. In the same way the substitutes in the transitive and intransitive. 

3. Lat is the designation for the present tense. Lin is said to be in the sense of the potential (mood) etc. Lot (is) for benediction and conditional etc. Lan (is the designation) for the past not relating to the present day. 

4. Lun (is the name) for the past (Aorist) and lit for remote past and lut for immediate (first) future. Lin (is used) for benediction and lrut in the remaining senses. Lrun would denote the (second) future. 

5. (Lrun, conditional) (is used in the sentences) in which the Potential may be used, when the non-performance of action is implied. The latter nine (are) Atmanepada (the result of the action accruing to one's self) and the former nine (are) Parasmaipada (the result of the action accruing to another person). Tip, tas and anti (are the terminations of) the prathamaprerusa.¹

1. corresponding to the third person.

6-7a. Sip, thas and tha (are the terminations of) the madhyamapurusa² and mip, vas and mas (for) the uttamapurusha³. Ta, atam and anta (are) the prathamapurusa (terminations) in the Ātmanepada, thås, athar, dhvan in the madhyama and i, vahi, mahi in the uttama (in the imperfect). Bhū (to be) etc. are known to be the roots. 

2. corresponding to the second person.

3. corresponding to the first person. 

7b-10a. The following are the important roots belonging to the different conjugations⁴. (The roots) bhủ (to be), edh (to prosper), pac (to cook), nand (to rejoice), dhvams (to perish), Šams (to praise) (belong to the first conjugation). Pad (to go) (fourth), ad (to eat) (second), sin (to lie down, second), krid (to buy) (first), juhoti (hū to offer in a sacrifice) (third), jahati (ha to abandon, third), dadhati (dhå to bear, third), divyati (di to play or toshine, fourth), svapiti (svap to sleep, second), nah (to tie, fourth), sunoti (su, to press out juice, fifth), vas (to dwell), tud (to strike, wound, sixth), mršati (mruś to touch, sixth), munchati (munc to lose, sixth), rudh (to hold up, seventh), bhuj (to enjoy, seventh), tyaj (to abandon, first), and tan (to spread, eighth). (The roots) man (to think), karoti (kr, to do), kridati (krid, to play), upi (to choose), graḥ (to seize), cor (cur, to steal), på (to drink and protect), ni (to carry) and arc (to worship) are the important in the sap⁵ and other modifications. 

4. The roots are divinded into ten conjugations known as bhvaddi, adadi, juhotyadi, divadi, suddi, tudadi, rudhadi, tanadi, kryadi and curadi. 

5. sap is the designation of the termination added to the first conjugation, 

10b-13a. In (the root) bhū (by adding tin, we would have sah bhavati (he becomes), tau bhavataḥ (they two become) and te bhavanti (they all become). (Similarly we have) you become, you two become and you all become and I become, we two become and we all become. (Similarly in the Atmanepada), the family prospers, two prosper and (many) prosper. You grow with intellect, (you two) prosper and you all prosper. We two grow with intellect. We all prosper with devotion to (lord) Hari. (He) cooks etc. are as before. 

13b-15. One becomes and one enjoys (are examples) for the impersonal forms. The passive (is formed by adding) yak. The desiderative form (of root bhū is) bubhūsati. Thus in the causal (one) meditates on the lord. In the frequentative (we have the form) bobhūyate (Atmanepada) or bobhoti when yon is dropped (is the form) in the Parasmaipada frequentative. Putriyati (treats like a son) on account of desire for children and thus patapatayate (utters the sound patpat), ghatayati (brings about) (are examples) of the desiderative. He causes the figure to be adorned (bubhūshayati) (is the form) in the causal. 

16. Bhavet (may become), bhavetām, bhaveyuḥ, bhaveh bhavetam, bhaveta, bhaveyam, bhaveva, bhavema are (the forms in the three persons in the singular, dual and plural) in the Potential (mood) in the Parasmaipada). 

17. Edheta, edheyatam, edheran (grow or prosper) with the mind and prosperity, edhetäh, edhcyåtham, edhedhvar, edheya, edhevahi, edhemahi (are the forms of the Potential moon in the Atmanepada). 

18-19a. Let it be. Bhavatām, bhavantu, bhavatåd or bhava, bhavatam, bhavata, bhavani, bhavåva, bhavama (are the forms) in the Imperative mood. Edhataṁ (may one prosper), edhetam, edhantam (in the third person), edhai (in the first person singular) (are the forms of Atmanepada Imperative). Pachávahai, pachamahai (are the forms of Ātmancpada Imperative dual and plural from pac to cook). 

196-20. Abhyanandat (felicitated), apacatám (cooked), apacan (they cooked), apacaḥ (you cooked), abhavatam (you two became), abhavata (you all became), apacham (I cooked), apacháva (we two cooked), apacháma (we all cooked) (are the examples for the past (imperfect) in the Parasmaipada). Aidhata, aidhetäm (third person singular and dual), aidhadhvam (second person plural), aidhe, aidhåmahi (first person singular and plural) are said to be the forms in the past tensc, Atmanepada).

21. Abhūt, abhūtām, abhūvan, abhūh and abhůva (are the forms of the root bhū to be or become) in the Aorist. Aidhista, Aidhishåtām (Men prospered), aidhishthåḥ, aidhishi (are) thus (the forms of the Aorist Atmanepada). 

22. (The root bhū becomes) babhūva, babhūvatuḥ, babhūvuh, babhūvitha, babhūvathuh, babhūva, (babhūva), babhūviva and babhūvima (are the forms) in the Perfect tense (in the Parasmaipada). 

23. Pece, pecâte, pecire (cooked) and edhånchakrushe tvam (you prospered), edhåñchakrathe, pecidhve, pece, pecimahe (are the forms in the Perfect in the Ātmanepada and Periphrastic perfect). 

24-25. In the first future (the root bhū has the forms) bhavità, bhavitārau, bhavitāraḥ (will become) Hara and others. Bhavitåsi, bhavitasthaḥ; bhavitäsmaḥ vayam (we) (are the other forms). Pakta, paktårau, paktäraḥ (are the forms of the root pac in the first future third person). You will cook (paktåse) good food. Paktadhve, I will cook (paktahe), paktāsmahe (we will cook) the porridge for lord Hari (are examples for some of the forms of the root pac in the first future Atmanepada). 

26-30. In the benedictive: May there be (bhūyat) happiness, Hari and Sankara bhūyastām (be benevolent), bhūyasuḥ they, you bhūyaḥ, you two gods bhūyåstam, you all bhūyästa, aham bhūyasan (May I be), bhūyásma (we all may be) always (happy). Yakshishta, edhishiyåstån, yakshiran, edhishiya, yakshīvahi, edhishimahi (are some of the forms of the roots yaj, to sacrifice and edh to prosper in the Atmanepada) in the Benedictive. Ayakshyata, ayaksheyåtań, ayakshyanta, ayakshye, ayakshyetham you two, ayaksyadhvam, aidhishyavahi, aidhisyåmahi we all (are the forms) in the Conditional mood in the Parasmaipada, Atmanepada. Bhavisyati would be the form) in the second future. Edhishyāmahe is similar. In the same way vibhavayishyanti, bobhavisyati (frequentative second future) (will become again and again). Ghatayet, patayet, putriyati, kåmyati (are other forms of nominal verbs and frequentatives).