54 - Bhuvana - Kosha 

Hari said: 

1. Priyavrata1 had ten sons. They were Agnidhra, Agnibāhu, Vapuşhmăn, Dyutimản, Medha, Medhătithi2, Bhavya, Sabala, Putra. 

1. One of the two sons of Brahma and Shatarūpå, or a son of Manu. (CDHM p. 244). 

2. He is mentioned in the Veda as a sage. (CDHM p. 207).

2. And Jyotişhmån. Of these ten, the three, viz., Medha, Agnibåhu and Putra indulged in yogic pursuits. 

3. They never cared for the realm. They were Jatismaras (i.e. they could know their previous births). The king (Priya vrata) gave seven islands to the seven other sons, 

4. The earth is situated like a boat floating on water. It is fifty crores of Yojanas in extent (i.e. 6000000000 kilometres). 

5. The seven islands are Jambu,1 Plaksha,2 Shālmala,3 Kušha,4 Krauńcha,5 Shāka,6 and Puşhkara.7 

1. The island having Meru at its centre. It includes Bhäratavarşha.

2. Not identifiable.

3. Not identifiable.

4. Not identifiable. 

5. Not identifiable.

6. Not identifiable. 

7. Not identifiable. But, for the probable identfication of the islands see S.M. Ali: Geography of the Purånas. 

6. Each of these islands is surrounded by seven oceans; those of (1) Lavana (salt) (2) Ikşhu (sugarcane juice), (3) Sura (wine), (4) Sarpis (ghee), (5) Dadhi (curd), (6) Dugdha (milk) and (7) Jala (water). 

7. The ocean is twice the island in area it encircles. The mountain Meru8 extending to a hundred thousand Yojanas (i.e. one million two hundred thousand kilometres) is in Jambū dvipa. 

8. The modern Pamir-knot in Central Asia.

8. Its height is eighty-four thousand Yojanas (one million and eight thousand kilometres). It goes sixteen thousand Yojanas underneath and the upper ridge is thirty-two thousand Yojanas in girth.

9. It is in the form of the pericarp of a lotus. The Varshaparvatas-boundary mountains Himavån,9 Hemakūta10 and Nişadha11 are towards the south of Meru. 

9. The Himalayas.

10. Not identifiable.

            11. Not identifiable.

10-11. And Nila12, Shveta13 and Shrungin14 are in the north. O Shankara, there is no division of Yugas (Ages) among the people living in Plakṣha and other islands. Agnidhra, the king of Jambũdvipa had nine sons: 

12. Not identifiable.

13. Not identifiable. 

14. Not identifiable. But, for the probable identification of the mountains see S.M. Ali, Op. cit. 

12. Näbhi, Kimpuruşha, Harivarsha, Ilávruta, Ramya, Hiranvān, Kuru, Bhadraśhva. 

13. And Ketumala the king gave each of his sons a division of the island which later on were known after them. Nābhi married Merudevi and had a son known Ruşhabha1, 

1. According to the legend, Rushabha gave his Kingdom to his son Bharata and himself led a life of penance. 

14. His son was Bharata2 who performed sacred rites in Salagrāma. Bharata's son was Sumati and his son was Tejasa. 

2. According to the legend, he was a great devotee of Vişhnu. Intent. on devotion he abdicated his throne (CDHM, pp. 46-7). 

15. His son was Indradyumna. His son was Parameşhthin. His son was Pratīhåra and his son Pratihartru. 

16. His son was Prastara. His son was Vibhu. His son was Pruthu. Next was Nakta. Nakta had a son Gaya. 

17. Nara was the son of Gaya. His son was Buddhirat. He had four sons very intelligent Dhiman, Bhauvana, 

18. Tvaştr and Viraja. Rajas was his son. Satajit was Raja's son and his son was Vishvakjyoti.