27 - The description of the Jaya ablution

The sages said:

1-3. It is due to the grace and power of Nandin that the benefit of the worship of the Linga has been heard. O Romaharshana of good holy rites, everything that we heard is on a par with the Vedas. The rite of “Jayabhisheka” had been recounted formerly on the top of the Meru by the trident-bearing lord Isha to Manu for the welfare of the Kshatriyas. How is that? How is the splendid Mahadana (great gift) of sixteen varieties ? O Suta, the most excellent among the intellectuals, it behoves you to recount it to us.

Suta said:

4. At the outset the self-born lord Manu performed the rite of Jivacchraddha (the Shraddha unto the living). After going to the Meru, then, he eulogised Nilalohita, the lord of Devas.

5. Delighted at his penance, Bhava, lshana granted unto that humble devotee his divine vision. Thereby he saw the unchanging lord.

6. After bowing to and worshipping him duly he stood there with his palms joined in reverence. With his voice choked due to excess of delight he spoke thus.

7-9. O lord of Devas, O lord of the Universe, O lord of the worlds, obeisance unto you. Thanks to the grace of the great lord, Jivacchraddha has been offered by me and the lord has been worshipped. Therefore, the lord has been seen by me now. O lord, O lord of Devas, it behoves you to recount to me the rite of Jayabhisheka that yields virtue, love, wealth and salvation and that has been previously related to Indra by you.

Suta said:

Lord Mahadeva, Nilalohita, Paramshvara recounted to him the rite of Jayabhisheka in all details.

The glorious lord said:

10-13. With a desire for the welfare of kings I shall recount the Jayabhisheka rite that is conducive to the victory over enemies and premature death. When the time to go to war has arrived the king shall perform this ablution rite, sprinkle water over the lord and then go to the batdefield. After duly making a raised platform, a water shed 223 or a prominent abode224 the brahmin who is a master of the Vedas shall deposit fire in nine places. Thereafter, for the purpose of ablution, he shall make lines with threads.

223. prapam paniyashalam ST. a place where water is distributed to travellers.

224. kutam — a resting place.

14-18. The first thread from the east and the first thread from the south shall be coloured. Altogether there shall be two thousand four hundred threads. With these as boundaries a square shall be made. Outside, all round, a marginal pathway a foot in width shall be made. The subsidiary threads shall be separately taken. For each line thirtysix threads shall be twisted together. There shall be thirtyBix squares formed by seven rows running east to west and seven rows running from south to north. Therefore, there shall be fortynine rows (i.e. boundary lines for the squares ?). He shall clean nine rows in the middle with water mixed with cow-dung.

19. There, he shall draw the diagram of a splendid lotus of a hand’s width. It shall be circular and white in colour with eight petals. It shall have the pericarp and the filaments.

20. The pericarp resembling gold in lustre shall be eight angulas long. The filaments shall be four angulas long.

21. In the corners beginning with the south-east he shall instal Dharma (virtue) Jnana (knowledge), Vairagya (Detachment) and Aishvarya (prosperity) in due order repeating the Pranava.

22. He shall fix Avvakta, etc. in the quarters beginning with east in the form of their bodies. The four are Avyakta (the unmanifest) Niyata (the regular) Kala (time) and Kali.

23. Dharma, etc. have these colours in order — white, red, golden and black. O sages of good holy rites, the body is in the shape of a swan and has the refulgence of gold.

24. The lotus that is the cause of creation is in the middle of the supporting Shakti. In the middle of the Kala, there is only the Bindu and beyond that is the shape of Nada (sound).

25. Above the Nada he shall meditate on Shiva the preceptor of the universe, called Omkara. He shall meditate on Manonmani and Mahadeva having the lustre of the lotus.

26-27. The filaments, Vama, etc., shall be meditated upon, beginning with the east and in order. They are — Vama, Jyeshth, Raudri, Kali, Vikarni, Bala, Pramathini and goddess Damani. They are to be fixed along with Vamadeva and others by means of the Pranava.

28-30. With these mantras he shallduly worship the circular assembly: —AA “Obeisance to Vamadeva; obeisance to trident- bearing Jyeshtha; obeisance to Rudra; obeisance to the lord having the form of Kala; obeisance to Kalavikarana; obeisance to Bala; obeisance to the suppressor of all living beings; obeisance to bold Manonmana; obeisance, obeisance to Manonmani”.

31. The first Avarana (covering) has been recounted. Now listen to the second Avarana. In the second Avarana there    Shaktis.

32-35. In the third Avarana there are twenty-four Shaktis in order. The Pishachavithi (the pathway of ghosts) is in the middle. The Nabhivithi is all round. It is laid down that the worship of the Pishachas should be duly performed by means of these mantras. The Padas (words, steps) are one thousand and eight and each Pada has eight corners. The devotee shall conceive a lotus in each of these Padas separately by means of Shali rice grains, Nivara rice grains, wheat grains, barley grains, rice grains or gingelly seeds mixed with white mustard. Or he shall formulate these in accordance with the injunctions as and when the time comes.

36-37. In them he shall draw an eight-petalled lotus equipped with pericarp and filaments. An Adhaka measure of Shali rice grains shall be used severally for each of the lotuses. Rice grains shall be half of that. Barley grains; etc. shall be still half of it. A Drona measure of that shall be put in the chief pot. Rice grains shall be half of it.

38-43. An Adhaka of gingelly seeds is put in the middle. Half that quantity of barley grains is also put. He shall then sprinkle the lotus with water repeating the Pranava. He shall fix the Pranava in all of them duly and in order. After coneluding this and sprinkling the thousand excellent Padas, he shall make a thousand Kalashas (water pots) of gold, silver or copper. They shall be splendid having the characteristics mentioned. They shall be duly sprinkled with the Arghya water repeating the Pranava. Each of the Kalashas shall be twelve angulas wide at the belly and shall curve downwards. Its umbilicus shall be half of it in width. The neck shall be two angulas in height and its width shall be four angulas. The lip shall be two angulas in height. The Nirgama, the spout through which the water comes out, shall be two angulas (in length). In the Shivakumbha (the vessel pertaining to Shiva) all these measurements are doubled.

44-50. A space to the extent of a barley grain shall be tied well with a thread. The vessel shall be closed, sprinkled with water and placed on Kusha grass duly. As before, he shall fill it with scented water repeating the Pranava. He shall instal the Vardhani 225 vessel along with Shivakumbha in accordance with the injunctions in the middle of the central lotus along with Kurcha (bundle of Kusha grass) and Akshata (raw rice grains). Each of the thousand waterpots shall be severally wrapped with a pair of cloth and covered with a golden lotus studded with jewels of diverse colours. Shiva shall be installed in the Shivakumbha by means of Gayatri and the Pranava — “We know the Purusha. We meditate on Mahadeva. Hence, may Rudra urge and guide us”. Always Rudra’s presence is invoked by means of this Mantra. He shall instal goddess in Vardhani by means of Devigayatri and worship with the mantra “We know the mother of the Ganas. We meditate on Mahatapa (the great scorcher). Hence, may Gauri urge and guide us.”

225. vardhanim khadgakaram, a sword Cf. vardhanim khadgarupinim—Agnipurana — cited in ST.

51. Vama and others are glorified in the first Avarana. The first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

52. O sages of good holy rites, here there are sixteen Shaktis beginning with and ending with the east. He shall instal and worship Subhadra in the middle of Aindravyuha in the group in the east.

53-54. In the group in the South-east he shall worship Bhadra. He shall worship Kanakandaja (one born of golden egg) in the southern group, Ambika in the south-western group as well as the group in the middle. In the western side he shall worship Shridevi; in the north-western quarter he shall worship Vagina. He shall worship Gomukhi in the north as well as in the central vessel.

55. He shall worship Bhadrakarna in the middle of Rudravyuha (group belonging to Rudra in the north). In the middle of die east and south-east quarters he shall worship the excellent Anima (the attribute of minuteness).

56. He shall fix Laghima (lightness) in the lotus in the middle of south and south-east quarters. He shall worship Mahima (greatness) in the middle of south and south-west.

57. He shall worship Prapti (the power that procures every thing) in the middle of the west and south-west quarters. He shall fix Prakamya (Irresistible Will) in the lotus in the middle of the west and north-west quarters. 

58. He shall instal Ishitva (superiority) in the middle of the north and north-west quarters and worship. He shall instal Vashitva (subduing of passions) in the middle of the north and north-east quarters and worship.

59. He shall worship Kamavasayitva in the middle of the east and north-east quarters. Thus, the second Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the third Avarana.

60-61. There are twentyfour Shaktis in the chief lotuses. As before he shall worship them in the middle of the group in accordance with the injunctions. He shall worship Diksha, Dlkshayika, Chanda, Chandamshunayika, Sumati, Sumatyayi, Gopa and Gopayika.

62-69. Then he shall duly instal Nanda, Nandayi, Pitamaha, Pitamahayi beginning with the east and worship. After worshipping the excellent third Avarana thus in accordance with the injunctions he shall go over to Saubhadra group in the first Avarana. He shall duly instal the eight Shaktis beginning with the east and in order. Listen to the Shaktis beginning with the east. After worshipping the sixteen Shaktis he shall show the gesture of lotus (Padma mudra). These are the eight Shaktis in the first Avarana — Binduka, Bindugarbha, Nadini, Nadagarbhaja, Shaktika, Shaktigarbha, Para and Parapara.

The sixteen Shaktis mentioned in the second Avarana are: —Chanda, Chandamukhi, Chandavega, Manojava, Chandakshi, Chandanirghosha, Bhrukuti, Chandanayika, Manotsedha, Manodhyaksha; Manasi, Mananayika, Manohari, Manohladi, Manahpriti and Maheshvari. The Saubhadra group has thus been mentioned. Now listen to the Bhadra group.

70-73. The eight Shaktis in the first Avarana are — Aindri Hautashani, Yamya, Nairruti, Varuni, Vayavya, Kauberi and Aishani. The first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana. The sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana are — Hariri, Suvarna, Kanchani, Hataki, Rukmini, Satyabhama, Subhaga, Jambunayika, Vagbhava, Vakpatha, Vani, Bhima, Chitraratha, Sudhi, Vedamata and Hiranyakshi.

Thus the group called Bhadra has been mentioned. Now listen to the group called Kanaka.

74. The Shaktis in the first Avarana are — Vajra, Shakti, Danda (staff), Khadga (sword), Pasha (noose), Dhvaja (flag), Gada (mace), aud Trishula (trident).

75-76. The sixteen Shaktis (in the second Avarana) are — Yuddha, Prabuddha, Chanda, Munda, Kapalini, Mrutyu, Hantri, Virupakshi, Kapardi, Kamalasana, Damshtrini, Rangini Lambakshi, Kankabhushani, Sambhava and Bhavani.

77-78. The Kanaka group has been mentioned. Now listen to the group called Ambika. The eight Shaktis in the first Avarana are — Khechari, Atmanasa, Bhavani, Vahnirupini, Vahnini, Vahninabha, Mahima and Amrutalalasa.

79-80 The sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana are— Kshamfa, Shikharadevi, Ruturatna, Shila, Chaya, Bhutapati, Dhanya, Indramata, VaiShnavi, Trushna, Ragavati, Moha, Kamakopa, Mahotkata, Indrfi and Badhiradevi.

81-84. Thus, the Ambika group has been mentioned. O sage of good holy rites, now listen to Shri group. The Shaktis in the first Avarana are — Sparsha, Sparshavati, Sandhi, Prana, Apana, Samanaka, Udana and Vyana. The sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana, approved by all are - Tamohata, Prabha, Mogha, Tejani, Dahani, Bhimasya, Jilani, Chosha (or Usha), Shoshani, Rudranayika, Virabhadra, Ganadhyaksha, Chandrahasa, Gahvara, Ganamata and Ambika.

85-86. Thus, the excellent Shri group has been mentioned. O sage of good holy rites, listen to the group Vagisha. These are the eight Shaktis glorified in the first Avarana — Dhara. Varidhara, Vahniki, Nashaki, Martyatita, Mahamaya, Vajrini, and Kamadhenuka.

87-89. The sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana approved by all are — Payoshani, Varuni, Shanta, Jayanti, Varaprada, Plavani, Jalamata, Payomata, Mahambika, Rakta, Karali, Chandali, Mahocchushma, Payasvini, Mayavidyeshvari and the dark Kalika. The group of Vagisvara has been mentioned. Now the group of Gomukha is being mentioned.

90-93. Eight Shaktis are mentioned in the firts Avarana - Shankhini, Halini, Lankavarna, Kalkini, Yakshmi, Malini, Vamani and Rasatmani. There are sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana viz. Chanda, Ghanta, Mahanada, Sumukhi, Durmukhi, Bala, Revati, Prathama, Ghora, Sainya, Lina, Mahabala, Jaya, Vijaya, Apara and Aparajita. Thus, the group of Gomukhi has been mentioned. Now listen to the group of Bhadrakarni.

94-97. The following eight Shaktis are mentioned in the first Avarana viz. Mahajaya, Virupakshi, Shuklabha, Akagamatruka, Samhari, Jatahari, Damshtrali and Shushkarevati. There are sixteen Shaktis (in the second Avarana) viz. Pipilika, Punyahari, Ashani, Sarvaharini, Bhadraha, Vishvahari, Hima, Yogeshvari, Chidra, Bhanumati, Chidra Saimhiki, Surabhi, Sama, Sarvabhavya and Vegakhya.

Thus, the eight major groups have been mentioned. Listen o eight minor groups.

98-99. The Shaktis in the first Avarana enveloping the Anima group are — Aindra, Chitrabhanu, Varuni, Dandi, Pranarupi, Hamsa, Svatmashakti and Pitamaha. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

100-101. The following sixteen are in the second Avarana: — Keshava, lord Rudra, Chandrama, Bhaskara, Mahatma, Atma, Antaratma, Maheshvara, Paramatma, Anujiva, Pingala, Purusha, Pashu, Bhokta, Bhfitapad and Bhima.

102-103. Thus, the Anima group has been mentioned. I shall mention to you the group called Laghima. The first Avarana consists of— Shrikantha, Anta (? Ananta), Sukshma, Trimurti, Shashaka, Amaresha, Sthitsha and the eighth Darata. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

104-106. There are sixteen Rudras m the second Avarana viz. Sthanu, Hara, Dandesha, Bhauktisha, the chief of Devas, Sadyojata Anugrahesha, Krurasena, Sureshvara, Krodhisha, Chanda, Prachanda, Shiva, Ekarudra, Kurma, Ekanetra, and Chaturmukha.

Thus, the Laghima group has been mentioned. O sage of good holy rites, now listen to Mahima group.

107-108. The following sixteen constitute the group viz. Ajesha, Kshemarudra, Somamsha, Langali, Dandaru, Ardhanari, Ekanta, Anta, Pali, Bhujanganama, Pinaki, Khadgi, Kama, Isha, Shveta and Bhrugu.

109-110. Thus, the Mahima group has been mentioned. Now listen to Prapti group. These constitute the first Avarana viz. Samvarta, Lakulisha, Vadava, Hasti, Chandayaksha, Ganapati, Mahatma and Bhruguja the eighth. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

111-112. The following sixteen constitute the second Avarana viz. Trivikrama, Mahijihva, Ruksha, Shribhadra, Mahadeva, Dadhicha, Kumara, Paravara, Mahadamshtra, Karala, Suchaka, Suvardhana, Mahadhvanksha, Mahananda, Dandi and Gopalaka.

113-114. Thus, the Prapti group has been mentioned. O sage of good holy rites, now listen to the group of Prakamya. The following eight constitute the first Avarana: — Pushpadanta, Mahanaga, Vipulanandakaraka, Shukla, Vishala, Kamala, Bilva and Aruna. The first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

115-117. The following constitute the second Avarana — Ratipriya, Sureshana, Chitranga, Sudurjaya, Vinayaka, Kshetrapala, Mohamoha, Jangala, Vatsaputra, Mahaputra, Gramadeshadhipa, Sarvavasthadhipa, Deva, Meghanada, Prachandaka, and Kaladuta. Thus, the group of Prakamya has been mentioned. I shall mention the group of Aishvarya.

118-121. The following eight Shaktis constitute the first Avarana viz. — Mangala, Charchika, Yogesha, Haradayika, Bhisura, Asuramata, Sundari and Matrka the eighth. The Shaktis of the first Avarana have been mentioned. Now listen to those who constitute the second Avarana — Ganadhipa, Mantrajna, Varadeva, Shadanana, Vidagdha, Vichitra, Amogha, Mogha, Ashvirudra, Somesha, Uttama, Udumbara, Narasimha, Vijaya, Indraguha the lord, and Apampati.

122-123. Thus, the Vyuha of Aishvarya has been mentioned. Now listen to the group of Vashitva. The following are in the first Avarana viz. — Gagana, Bhavana, Vijaya, Ajaya, Mahajaya, Angara, Vyangara and Mahayashas. Thus, the group of the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the group in the second Avarana.

124—127. They are — Sundara, Prachandesha, Mahavarna, Mahasura, Mali aroma, Mahagarbha, Prathama, Kanaka, Kharaja, Garuda, Meghanada, Garjaka, Gaja, Chedakabahu, Trishikha and Mari. The group of Vashitva has been mentioned. Now listen to the group of Kamavasayika.

The following constitute the first Avarana — Vinada, Vikata, Vasanta, Maya, Vidyut, Mahabala, Kamala and Damana. The first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

128-130. They are Dharma, Atibala, Sarpa, Mahakaya, Mahahanu, Sabala, Bhasmangi, Durjaya, Duratikrama, Vetala, Raurava, Durdhara, Bhoga, Vajrakalagnirudra, Sadyonada, and Mahaguha.

Thus, the second Avarana has been mentioned, so also the group of Kamavasayika. Thus, the sixteen groups have been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

131. In the Daksha group of the second Avarana there are eight shaktis in the first Avarana and sixteen in the external Avarana.

132-135. The Shaktis in the first are Manohara, Mahanada Chitra, Chitraratha, R oh ini, Chitrangi, Chitrarekha and Vichitrika. The Shaktis in the first Avarana have been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana — Chitra, Vicitrarupa, Shubhada, Kamada, Shubha, Krura, Devi Pingala, Khadgika, Lambika, Sati, Damshtrali, Rakshasi, Dhvamsi, Lolupa, Lohita and Mukhi.

The sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana have been succintly mentioned. Thus, the group of Daksha has been mentioned. Now listen to the Daksha group.

136-139. The following constitute the first Avarana: — Sarvasati, Vishvarupa, Lampaja, Amishapriya, Dirghadam shtra, Vajra, Lamboshthi, Pranaharini. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana. Gajakarna, Ashvakarna, Mahakali, Subhishana, Vatavegarava, Aghora, Ghanaghanarava, Varaghosa, Mahavarna, Sughanta, Ghantika, Ghanta, Ishvari, Mahaghora, Ghora and Atighorika. Thus, the sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana have been mentioned.

140-141. Thus, the Daksha group has been mentioned. Now listen to the Chanda group.

These constitute the first Avarana: — Atighanta, Atighora, Karala, Karabha, Vibhuti, Bhogada, Kanti and the eighth one Shankhini. Thus, the Shaktis in the first Avarana have been mentioned. Now listen to those in the second Avarana.

142-147. They are: — Patrini, Gandhari, Yogamata, Supivara, Raktamala, Raktamshuka, Vira, Samhari, Mamsaharini, Phalahari, Jivahari, Svecchahari, Tundika, Revatl, Rangini, and Sanga. Thus, there are sixteen in the second Avarana. Thus, the Chanda group has been mentioned. Now listen to the group of Chanda.

The first Avarana consists of Chandi, Chandamukhi, Chanda, Chandavega, Maharava, Bhrukuti, Chandabhu, and the eighth one Chandarupa. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana: — Chandraghrana, Bala, Balajihva, Baleshvari, Balavega, Mahakaya, Mahakopa, Vidyuta, Kankali, Kalasi, Vidyuta, Chandaghoshika. Mahaghosha, Maharava, Chandabha and Ananga Chandika. The group of Canda has been mentioned. Now listen to Hara group.

148-149. In the first Avarana the following Shaktis are mentioned Chandakshi, (Kamada Devi, Sukara, Kukkutanana, Gandhari, Dundubhi, Durga, and Saumitra the eighth one. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

150-155. The sixteen Shaktis of the second Avarana are: — Mrutodbhava, Mahalakshmi, Varnada, Jivarakshini, Harini, Kshinajiva, Dandavaktra. Chaturbhuja, Vyomachari, Vyomarupa, Vyomavyapi, Shubhodaya, Gruhachari, Suchari, Vishahari and Vishartiha. Thus, the group, pertaining to Hara has been mentioned. Now listen to the group of Hara.

The following constitute the first Avarana, viz. Jambha, Achyuta, Kankari, Devika, Durdhara, Avaha, Chandika and chapala.

The following constitute the second Avarana: — Chandika, Chamari, Bhandika, Shubhanana, Pindika, Mundini, Munda, Shakini, Sangari, Kartari, Bhartari, Bhagini, Yajnadayini, YamaDamshtra, Mahadamshtra and Karala. Thus, the group of Hara has been mentioned. Now listen to the Shaunda group.

156-159. The first Avarana consists of the following Shaktis: — Vikarali, Karall, Kalajangha, Yashasvini, Vega, Vegavati, Yajna and the eighth Vedanga.

Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana: —

The following sixteen duly constitute the second Avarana: — Vajra, Shankha, Atishankha, Bala, Abala, Anjani, Mohani, Maya, Vikatangi, Nall, Gandaki, Dandaki, Ghona, Shona, Satyavati and Kallola. Thus, the Shaunda group has been mentioned. Now listen to the group of Shaunda.

160-163. The following constitute the first Avarana: — Dantura, Raudrabhaga, Amruta, Sakulashubha, Chalajihva, Aryanetra, Rupini and Darika.

Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

There are sixteen Shaktis in the second Avarana, viz. Khadaka, Rupanama, Samhari, Kshama, Antaka, Kandini, Peshini, Mahatrasa, Krutantika, Dandini, Kinkari, Bimba, Varnini, Amalangini, Dravinis, and Dravini.

 Thus, the excellent and charming Shaundavyuha has been mentioned.

164-167. I shall mention the Shaktis pertaining to the very excellent group named Prathama. The Shaktis in the first Avarana' are: — Plavani, Plavani, Shobha, Amanda, Mahotkata, Manda, Akshepa and Mahadevi. The following constitute the second Avarana. The goddess Kamasandipani, Atirupa, Manohara, Mahavasha, Madagraha, Vihvala, Madavihvala Aruna, Shoshana, Divya, Revati, Bhandanayika, Stambhini, Ghoraraktakshi, Smararupa and Sughoshana.

O son of the self-born deity, thus, the group of Prathama has been mentioned precisely.

168-169. I shall now mention the group of Prathama. Listen to me. The following eight constitute the first Avarana: — Ghora, Ghoratara, Aghora, Atighora, Aghanayika, Dhavani, Koshtuka and Murtda the eighth. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

170-171. They are sixteen, viz. Bhima, Bhimatara, great Shasta, Suvartula, Stambhini, Rodini, Raudra, Rudravati, Achalacala, Mahabala, Maha Shanti, Shala, Shanta, ShivaShiva, Bruhatkaksha and Mahanasa.

172-174. The group of Prathama has been mentioned. Now listen to the Manmathavyuha group. The following constitute the first Avararia: — Talakarni, Bala, Kalyani, Kapila, Shiva, Ishti Tushti and Pratijna. The Shaktis in the second Avarana are: — Khyati, Pushtiikari, Tushti, Jala, Shruti, Dhruti, Kamada, Shubhada, Saumya, TejanI, Kamatantrika, Dharma, Adharmavasha, Shila, Papaha and Dharmavardhini.

175-176. Thus, the Manmatha group has been mentioned. Now listen to the group of Manmatha.

The following constitute the first Avarana: — Dharmaraksha, Vidhana, Dharma, Adharmavati, Sumati, Durmati, Medha and Vimala the eighth. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

177-178. The following sixteen Shaktis constitute the second Avaraiia: — Shuddhi, Buddhi, Dyuti, Kanti, Vartula, Mohavardhani, Bala, Atibala, Bhima, Pranavruddhikari, Nirlajja, Nirghma, Manda, Sarvapapakshayankari, Kapila and Atividhura.

179- 1 80. Thus, the group of Manmatha has been mentioned. Now I shall mention Bhima group to you. It consists of Rakta, Virakta, Udvega, Ashokavardhini, Kama, Trushna, Ksudha and Moha the eighth. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana.

181-182. They are Jaya, Nidra, Abhaya, Alasya, Jalatrushnodari, Dara, Krishna, Krishnarigini, Vruddha, Shuddocchistashani, Vrusha, Kamana, Shobhani, Dagdha, Duhkhada Sukhada, and Bali. Thus, the Bhima group has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the Bhimayi group.

183-186. Ananda, Sunanda, Mahananda, Subhankari, Vitaraga, Mahotsaha, Jitaraga and Manoratha. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana. The following constitute the second Avarana: — Manonmani, Manakshobha, Madonmatta, Madakula, Mandagarbha, Mahabhasa, Kama, Ananda, Suvihvala, Mahavega, Suvega, Mahabhoga, Kshayavaha, Kramani, Kramani and Vakra. Thus, the very excellent Bhimayi has been mentioned to you.

187-188. O son of the self-born lord, I shall now mention the Shakuna group.

Yogavega, Suvega, Ativega, Suvasini, Goddess Manoraya, A vega, Jalavarta the intelligent. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned. Now listen to the second Avarana.

189-190. They are: — Rodhani, Kshobhani, Bala, Vipra, Shesa, Sushoshani, Vidyutabhasini, Goddess Manovega, Chapala, Vidyujjihva, Mahajihva, Bhrukupkutilanana, Phullajvala, Mahajvala, Sujvala and Kshayantika.

191-192. Thus, the Sakunavyuha has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the group of Shakuna: — Jvalini, Bhasmangi, Bhasma, Antaga, Bhavini, Praja, Vidya and Khyati the eighth. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana.

193-194. Ullekha, Pataka, Bhoga, Bhogavati, Khaga, Bhoga, Bhogavrata, Yoga, Bhogakhya, Yogaparaga, Ruddhi, Buddhi, Dhruti, Kanti, Smruti Shruti and Dhara. Thus, the Shakuna group that bestows desires has been mentioned.

195-198. O son of the self-born lord, now listen to the very excellent group named Sumati. They are: Pareshta, Paradrushta, Amruta, Phalanashini, Hiranyakshi, Suvarnakshi, Devikapinjala and Kamarekha. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana: — Ratnadvipa, Sudvipa, Ratnada, Ratnamalini, Ratnashobha, Sushobha, Mahadyuti, Shambari, Bandhura, Granthi, Padakarna, Akaranana, Hayagriva, Jihva and Sarvabhasa.

Thus, the group of Sumati (male) has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the group of Sumati (female).

199-202. Sarvashi, Mahabhaksha, Mahadamshtra, Atiraurava, Visphulinga, Vilinga, Krutanta and Bhaskaranana constitute the first Avarana. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana: — Raga, Rangavati, Shreshtha, Mahakrodha, Raurava, Krodhani, Vasani, Kalaha, Mahabala, Kalantika, Chaturbheda, Durga, Durgamanini, Nali, Sunali and Saumya. Thus, the Sumati group has been mentioned to you.

203-204. Now I shall mention Gopa group here. O son of the self-bom lord, listen to everything. Patali, Patavi, Pati, Vitipita, Kankata, Supafa, Praghata and Gatodbhava. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned clearly.

205-206. The Shaktis (in the second Avarana) are Nadakshi, Nadarupa, Sarvakari, Gama, Agama, Anuchari, Suchari, Chandanadi. Suvahini, Suyoga, Viyoga, Hamsakhya, Vilasini, Sarvaga, Suvichara, and Vanchani.

207-208. Gopa group has been mentioned. Now listen to Gopayi group.

Bhedini, Chedini, Sarvakari, Kshudhashani, Ucchushma, Gandhari, Bhasmashi and Vadavanala— these constitute the first Avarana. Listen to the second Avarana.

209-210. The Shaktis are Andha, Bahvasini, Bala, Dipa, Kshama 226 Aksha Tryaksha, Hrullekha, Hrudgata,227 Mayika, Para, 228 Amaya, Sadini Bhilli, Sahya, Asahya, 229 Sarasvati, Rudrashakti, Mahashakti, Mahamoha and Gonadi.

226. N.S. Edition reads dikshapama, obviously a misprint for dipa kshama. ST. disjoins as dipa akshama.

227. hrudgata mayika. ST. disjoins as hrudgata amayika.

228. mtyika para. ST. disjoins as mayika apara.

229. sahyasahya ST. takes sahyasahya as a single word.

211-212. Thus, Gopayi group has been mentioned. I shall now mention Nanda group to you: Nandini, Nivrutti, Pratishtha, Vidya, Nasa 230 Khagrasini, Chamunda and Priyadarshini. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana.

230. Vidyanasa. ST. takes it as a single word.

213-214. The following Shaktis constitute the second Avarana: — Gfhya, Narayani, Moha, Goddess Praja, Chakrini, Kankata, Kali, Shiva, Adya, Usha, Vira, Ma, Aya, Vagishi, Vahini, Bhishani, Shugama, and Nirdista.

215 - 216 Thus, Nanda group has been mentioned to you. Now listen to Nanda group. Vinayaki, Purnima, Rankari, Kundali, Iccha, Kapalini, Dvipiniand Jayantika, these eight Shaktis are glorified in the first Avarana.

217-219. Thus, the first Avaraiia has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana: — Pavani, Ambika, Sarvatma, Putana, Chagali, Goddess Modini231 herself, Lambodari, Samhari, Kalini, Kusuma, Shukra, Tara, Jnana, Kriya, Gayatrika and Savitri; these duly constitute the second Avarana.

231. sakshaddevi. According to ST, it qualifies Lambodari.

220-221. Thus, Nanda group has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the group of Pitamaha.

Nandini, Phetkari, Krodha, Hamsa, shadangula, Ananda, Vasudurga, and Samhara the eighth. Thus, the first Avarana has been mentioned to you. Now listen to the second Avarana.

222-224. Kulantika, Nala, Prachanda, Mardini, Sarvabhutabhaya, Day a, Vadavamukhi, Lampata, goddess 232 Pannaga, Kusuma, Vipulantaka, Kedara, Kurma, Durita, Mandaodari and Khadgachakra. These duly constitute the second Avarana. Thus, the Paitamaha group that bestows virtue, love, wealth and salvation has been mentioned to you.

232. pannaga devi. According to ST. devi is an epithet of pannaga.

225-228. Now I shall mention to you the group of Pitamaha. Now listen to me. Vajra, Nandana, Shava, Ravika, Ripubhedini, Rupa, Chaturtha, and Yoga constitute the first Avarana.

Bhutanada, Mahabala, Kharpara, Bhasma, Kanta, Vrushti, Brahmarupini with two arms,233 Saihya, Vaikarikajata, Karmamoti, Mahamoha, Mahamaya, Gandhari, Pushpamalini, 234 Shabdapi and Mahaghosha. These constitute the sixteen shaktis of the second Avarana in the final group.

233. dvibhuja. It qualifies brahmarupini.

234. pushpamalini. It is an epithet of gandhari.

229-233. These Shaktis 235 have two arms. They resemble the rising sun in refulgence; hold the lotus and the conch; are calm; wear red garlands, clothes and ornaments; are bedecked in all ornaments and adorned by coronets etc. studded with pearls and divine exquisite jewels pleasing to the mind. The embellished goddesses white in colour should be severally meditated upon. Thus, a thousand 236 water pots made of copper or mud and with the characteristics as mentioned before are installed in the Rudra Kshetra. After worshipping them with the thousand names uttered by Vishnu, Bhava, etc. the water pots shall be placed in front. The devotee shall then perform the ablution of the Bana idol. 237 After this ablution the water shall be poured over the king.

235. sarvas cha. Verses 229 to 231 describe the common characteristics of all the goddesses.

236. sahasra-kalasham. The number ‘one thousand’ is obtained from the forty-eight principal and the nine hundred fiftytwo group goddesses as mentioned m the foregoing verses.

237 - Bana-vigraham this refers to Bana linga. It is so called because it was worshipped by the asura Bana.

234. These thousand water-pots are conducive to the achievement of all Siddhis. These are the forty 237a major groups, each marked with its characteristic signs.

237a. Chatvarimshad — this refers to the forty mahavyuhas as described n the foregoing verses of this chapter.

235-237. The vessels shall be made of gold. As before, they shall be filled with scented water and each shall have five jewels (precious stones) put within it, as also gold pieces. The vessels of the lord shall be filled with ghee, milk, curds, panchagavya or brahmakurcha. The ablution 238 pertaining to the sacrifice is being ordained. O excellent one, listen. The Abhisheka of the king is performed by repeating the Rudradhyaya mantras of Rudra.

238. N.S. reads 'madhyam' (i.e. the middle) on the authority of ST.

238-239. Mantra — “Obeisance to you, obeisance to Aghoras who are terrible, nay more and more terrible. Obeisance to all, to all Sharvas. Obeisance to all Rudras.” Repeating the above mantra, the water shall be poured over the king. Homa shall also be performed with the mantra of Aghoras, that dispels all sins.

240-243. Homa shall be performed in the Kunda of the lord or on the bare ground with ghee, etc. beginning with the east(?). Sacrificial twigs, ghee, charu, fried grains or Shali or Nivara rice grains shall be used for Homa. After pouring hundred and eight ahutis the king shall be rendered fragrant with the odorous smoke. Punyaha water shall be sprinkled repeating the Svastirudra mantra. A holy golden thread shall be tied round the right hand and Bhasman shall be dusted over it with lotus stalk.

 Mantra239 — “We worship the three-eyed lord who has fragrance, who increases nourishment as the cucumber fruit from its root. May I be liberated from bondage, from death and attain immortality.” Water shall be sprinkled over the king with this mantra. Homa shall then be performed.

239. tryambakam etc. TS. I.8. 6.2; SV. 3. 60.

244. The rite of ablution with all materials shall be performed with the materials of Homa in due order. Homa in the eastern Kunda shall be performed with Vedic mantras 240 together with all materials used in due order.

240. brahmabhih— with the panca-brahma mantras.

245-246. “We know Tatpurusha. We meditate on Mahadeva. May that Rudra, therefore, urge and guide us.” The brahmin shall perform Homa in the eastern Kunda with this mantra ending with Svaha. He shall perform Homa in the southern Kunda by repeating the Aghora mantra with a piece of black cloth. 241

241. Krishna-vasasa. But ST. supplies ‘acharyena’ i.e. through acharya who shall be clad in black robes.

247. “Obeisance to Vamadeva, obeisance to the eldest, obeisance to the most excellent one, obeisance to Rudra etc., by repeating this mantra the devotee shall perform Homa in the western Kunda.

248-250. Homa in the western Kunda is then performed by repeating the Sadya mantra with all materials in due order. “I resort to Sadyojata. Obeisance to Sadyojata. When attacked by worldly existence come to my succour. Obeisance unto the origin of the world. The intelligent devotee shall perform Homa by repeating this mantra ending with Svaha. He shall perform Homa in the south-eastern Kunda by repeating the mantra pertaining to Rudra.242 “In the sacrificial rite we shall extract the juice of Soma” etc. 243 By repeating this mantra Homa shall be performed in the south-western Kunda with all materials of worship.

242. raudrena — with the mantra of Rudra: yo rudro agnau yo apshu TS. 5.5. 9.3.

243. jatavedase sunavama somam TA 10. 1. 16.

251. “Niminishidishah (?) Shvaha, O sword.” With this divine mantra that brings about all Siddhis the rite of Rakshasabhedana (piercing the demon) shall be performed.

252. “Shvaha unto Rudhirajyardranairruti (?) Obeisance, Svadha, obeisance” with this mantra he shall perform Homa as he pases by means -Of all materials.

253. O excellent brahmins, in the southern Kunda, 244 Homa shall be performed by the Ishana mantra with all kinds of materials. Then, he shall perform Homa in the north-eastern Kunda with the materials mentioned before.

244. yamyam. But ST. takes it as the north-west quarter (vayavi dik) presided over by Vayu.

254. “Obeisance to Ishana, to Kadrudra, to the three-eyed Pracetas, to Sharva. Hence, may Rudra urge and guide us.”

255-256. O excellent brahmins, the chief Homa 245 shall be performed as before with the usual materials repeating the Ishana mantra. In the presence of the king he shall perform a thousand Homas with each one of the materials.

245. pradhanam mukhyam ST. the principal deity.

“Ishana is the lord of all lores, he is the overlord of all living beings, he is the lord of Brahma, he is the overlord of the Brahman. May Sadashiva be auspicious unto me Om.”

257-258. The rite of expiation shall be performed by repeating the Aghora mantra. The rest of the rite shall be performed in the usual manner. Then after rendering the king fragrant by means of the odorous smoke of Homa, water shall be poured on him accompanied with loud and splendid shouts of victory, Vedic chants, the sounds of conches, bheri drums etc. Or the excellent king shall be sprinkled with the Kurcha of Kusha grass.

259-261. The king shall smear Rudrabhasman 246 all over his body repeating the Rudradhyaya mantras.

246. But according to ST. Rudra— Rudraksha— a rosary of rudraksha tree ana bhasman (ashes).

The king shall have all the auspicious royal paraphernalia such as conch, camara (chowries), bheri (drum) etc., Shibika (palanquin) and the royal banner Vaijayanti. These royal emblems are offered only to a Kshatriya lord who has been crowned in his kingdom and not to other Kshatriyas. The size of these shall be upto twelve Angulas.

262. Twigs of Palasha, Udumbara, Ashattha or Vata shall be fixed beginning with the east. The festoons shall be hung thereon. The Pattikas shall be silken alone.

263-264. The king shall be encircled with garlands of Darbhas with the Ashtamangalas (eight auspicious fragrant objects). There shall be eight flags in the eight quarters. They shall be enriched by Dvarakumbhas (water-pots at the entrances. Golden festoons shall embellish the king. The priests shall then bathe him. He shall be seated above all others. He shall be sprinkled with the water from the Shivakumbha.

265-266. “We know Mahesha. We meditate on the lord purified in speech. May Shiva hence urge and guide us”.

The king shall be sprinkled with this mantra and the Gaurigita 247 with a broom. Again, he shall be sprinkled with Rudradhyaya mantras or Aghora mantras.

247. gaurigitaya— by gauri gayatri.

267. Then, he shall be offered divine ornaments, crown, etc. exquisitely made and white silken garments.

268-270. With sixty-eight Palas of gold a lovely ornament shall be made and embellished with the nine precious stones. It shall be offered as charitable gift to the preceptor. Ten cows and a good field shall also be given along with garments. Hundred dronas of gingelly seeds and hundreds of rice grains, bed, vehicle, bedsheets, pillows etc. shall also be given. To the yogins thirty palas of gold shall also be offered.

271. With half of that he shall delight the remaining priests. With still half of that he shall propitiate devotees of Shiva. Then, the king shall perform the great worship of Shiva.

272. Thus, succinctly the excellent rite of Jayabhisheka has been mentioned to you. Indra whose Abhisheka had been performed thus, formerly, attained the status of the lord.

273. Brahma attained the status of Brahma, Visnu of Vishnu and Ambika of Ambika as well as incomparable good fortune of married blessedness.

274. Savitri, LakShmi and Katyayani too attained the same. Formerly, Mrutyu was conquered by Nandia by means of Rudradhyaya.

275. Formerly, this Abhisheka was performed on the very powerful Asura Taraka. Vidyunmali and Hiranyaksha were conquered by Vishnu.

276-277. Formerly the Daitya Hiranyakashpu was killed by Nrusimha. Taraka and others were killed by Skanda. Formerly, the sons of Sunda and Upasunda worshipped by leading Daityas were conquered by the mother Kaushiki. Vasudeva and Sudeva were killed by Krutakrutya.

278. By this rite of ablution laid down by Brahma, the sons of Diti were conquered.

279. It is by performing this ablution that divine Siddhis were achieved by the kings and brahmins. No doubt need be entertained in this respect.

280. Wonderful indeed is the greatness of this Abhisheka whereby death was conquered by those who became Siddhas due to Abhisheka.

281-284. There is no doubt about this that by ablution a king is liberated from sins even if the sins were accumulated in the course of a hundred crores of kalpas. A king who is laid down by the ailments of consumption, leprosy, etc. is liberated from them. He becomes victorious always. He is blessed with sons and grandsons. He is richly endowed with the love of the people like another Indra. Devoid of sins he rejoices along with his virtuous wife. Only a general idea of the benefit accruing from this splendid rite has been mentioned to you as I heard it from Manu, the son of the self-born Brahma. It has been mentioned to you for the sake of helping kings.