Apaviddha
Apaviddha · apa-viddha, “the one cast away”
Grammar: masculine noun, the past participle of the root vyadh (to pierce, to throw) with the prefix apa (away): “cast away, cast out”.
Meaning: (1) a man cast out by his own conduct, who abandons the rites to the devas and the pitṛs; (2) a son cast away by his parents, named among the kinds of dāyāda (sons who inherit).
In the scriptures: the Vāmana Purāṇa uses the word in both senses.
The ṛshis, teaching the rākshasa king Sukeśī, name those from whom food must not be accepted: sūtikas, shaṇḍhas, mārjāras, mūshikas, śunakas, kukkuṭas, patitas, apaviddhas, nagnas, cāṇḍālas and other lowly ones. When Sukeśī asks their marks, they define each by his conduct. The apaviddha, “the one cast out”, is the wicked man who abandons the rites to the devas and the pitṛs, has no bhakti towards his gurus, and kills cows, brāhmaṇas and women (Vāmana Purāṇa, Chapter 15).
When Sanatkumāra asks Brahmā (Pitāmaha) what a dāyāda is, Brahmā names apaviddha as the sixth of the first six dāyādas: aurasa, kshetraja, datta, kṛtrima, gūḍhotpanna and apaviddha. To these six the ṛṇa (debt), the piṇḍa, the dhana (wealth), the kriyā (rites), the gotra-sāmya (sameness of gotra), the kula-vṛtti (family calling) and the pratishṭhā (standing) pass naturally from the parents (Vāmana Purāṇa, Chapter 35).
Related terms: Dāyāda · Patita · Aurasa · Kshetraja · Gūḍhotpanna
Sources
- Vāmana Purāṇa, Chapters 15, 35